The shoulder is a complex ball-and-socket joint, and, as such, shoulder pain can be caused by a variety of factors. The mechanical alignment and function of the joint allows significant motion of the shoulder. This motion allows us to place our hand and upper extremity in many different positions. Unfortunately, this motion also allows us to put significant and varied stresses on the shoulder joint and the structures that surround it.
Some of the more common causes of shoulder pain are mentioned below. Your history as well as exam findings are important in diagnosing the cause of your pain. X-rays, MRI or other diagnostic studies may be needed for further evaluation. Shoulder pain can also originate from the neck.
Impingement Syndrome
Impingement Syndrome is included in a constellation of symptoms that can be related to impingement, rotator cuff bursitis or rotator cuff tendinitis. This group of symptoms is associated with inflammation of the structures surrounding the shoulder. This typically does not require surgery. Usually a combination of therapy and an injection can fix this problem.
For more information, visit American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons OrthoInfo
Rotator Cuff Tear
The rotator cuff is a group of 4 muscles that surround the shoulder joint. These muscles can be torn as an acute event, or chronically with wear and tear. Symptoms include pain and weakness. Some tears can be treated without surgery while others need to be repaired with surgery. Arthroscopic techniques are used for the repair, and this is done as an outpatient procedure.
For more information, visit American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons OrthoInfo
Labrum Tear
The labrum is a cartilage rim surrounding the glenoid, or socket of the shoulder joint. Tears can lead to pain and/or weakness. They can also be associated with dislocations or instability. The first line of treatment is usually therapy to strengthen the muscles and tendons surrounding the shoulder. Arthroscopic surgery may be required to clean up or reattach the labrum.
For more information, visit American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons OrthoInfo